全文获取类型
收费全文 | 25502篇 |
免费 | 2770篇 |
国内免费 | 1543篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1092篇 |
综合类 | 2094篇 |
化学工业 | 2986篇 |
金属工艺 | 2192篇 |
机械仪表 | 1167篇 |
建筑科学 | 2822篇 |
矿业工程 | 1060篇 |
能源动力 | 1666篇 |
轻工业 | 798篇 |
水利工程 | 833篇 |
石油天然气 | 1762篇 |
武器工业 | 243篇 |
无线电 | 4053篇 |
一般工业技术 | 3012篇 |
冶金工业 | 849篇 |
原子能技术 | 655篇 |
自动化技术 | 2531篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 61篇 |
2023年 | 354篇 |
2022年 | 602篇 |
2021年 | 762篇 |
2020年 | 794篇 |
2019年 | 748篇 |
2018年 | 670篇 |
2017年 | 900篇 |
2016年 | 953篇 |
2015年 | 1043篇 |
2014年 | 1537篇 |
2013年 | 1740篇 |
2012年 | 1863篇 |
2011年 | 2056篇 |
2010年 | 1503篇 |
2009年 | 1542篇 |
2008年 | 1435篇 |
2007年 | 1623篇 |
2006年 | 1566篇 |
2005年 | 1260篇 |
2004年 | 1053篇 |
2003年 | 1011篇 |
2002年 | 824篇 |
2001年 | 757篇 |
2000年 | 635篇 |
1999年 | 515篇 |
1998年 | 383篇 |
1997年 | 334篇 |
1996年 | 253篇 |
1995年 | 237篇 |
1994年 | 154篇 |
1993年 | 151篇 |
1992年 | 128篇 |
1991年 | 83篇 |
1990年 | 69篇 |
1989年 | 56篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1961年 | 3篇 |
1959年 | 4篇 |
1957年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 18 毫秒
91.
完全匹配层边界条件存在两个问题,一是如何减少实际应用带来的额外存储量以及提升计算速度,另一个是如何提升匹配层的吸收效果。对于第一个问题发展了多种非分裂形式,本文采用一种直接对波场进行变换的新型非分裂方法,相比卷积完全匹配层具有不改变方程的形式以及易于实现等优势。对于如何进一步提升完全匹配层吸收效果,没有太大的进展。这是因为离散差异使匹配层的吸收问题更为复杂,一般采取增加匹配层层数的措施缩小离散差,但是又会导致计算量和存储量的增加。本文以在不增加匹配层层数以及不减小理论误差的情况下减小离散差异所带来的虚假反射为目的,分析传统的衰减因子,研究匹配层的吸收机理,设计新的衰减因子,以提高完全匹配层的吸收性能。新衰减因子能够进一步削弱虚假反射振幅,在匹配层层数为5~20层时,对应的边界反射振幅只有改进前的40%~80%。 相似文献
92.
93.
94.
We report fabrication of solar cell device <ITO/AZO/i-ZnO/CZS/Al> with Copper Zinc Sulfide (CZS) thin films as absorber layer. CZS thin films prepared using chemical spray pyrolysis technique at a pressure of 10−3 mbar at different substrate temperatures. Structural, morphological, optical, compositional and electrical properties of as prepared films are investigated. Structural analysis shows crystalline nature with mixed phase containing CuS-ZnS binary composite. Atomic Force Microscopy analysis shows the average particle size of 88 nm. Value of work function obtained from ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy is 4.58 eV. The band gap of the as-prepared films varies from 1.62 to 2.06 eV. Hall effect measurement proves the p-type nature for all the deposited films. Samples deposited at 350°C shows carrier concentration of 1021 cm−3 and electrical conductivity of 526 S cm−1. Solar cell device structure of <ITO/AZO/i-ZnO/CZS/Al> has been fabricated using the CZS sample deposited at 350°C. The cell parameters obtained are Voc = 0.505 V, Isc = 4.97 mA/cm2, FF = 64.28% and η = 1.6 ± 0.05%. 相似文献
95.
A core-shell Pt/C@NCL300 catalyst with an accessible layer was designed to recover lost ORR activity and was constructed via a one-step self-assembly process in this paper. A thin porous layer derived from Nafion was first formed on the surface of Pt/C catalyst to create a shell. This first coating successfully separated the Nafion and Pt particles in the catalysts and reducing the negative impact of Nafion on ORR activity and enhancing the fuel cell performance. The newly fabricated Pt/C@NCL300 catalyst exhibited much higher specific activity than the original Pt/C catalyst in RDE tests under the same conditions and were comparable to the activity of Pt/C electrode without Nafion poisoning. Moreover, the fuel cell with Pt/C@NCL300 catalyst exhibited a higher power density without an obvious increase in proton transport and O2 transport resistance compared to that of a Pt/C fuel cell with a low Pt loading. This result indicates that coating the Pt/C catalyst with a layer accessible for oxygen and protons is a promising way to effectively promote Pt-based catalysts that work under normal operating conditions. 相似文献
96.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(43):23526-23532
Aid of a metallic overlayer to nickel/yttrium-stabilized-zirconia (Ni/YSZ) anode is investigated in Direct Methane Fuel Cell. Copper modified nickel metallic overlayer shows high activity for fuel cell performance and good stability to coking in methane atmosphere. The copper-nickel overlayer provides advantages of material compatibility with the substrate and catalytic function on copper-modified nickel sites. The results suggest that the overlayer is effective for decomposition of methane and tolerant to coking by removal of deposited carbon via oxidation and gasification reaction. 相似文献
97.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(46):25276-25285
With the wide use of platinum alloy electrocatalysts proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the dissolution of transition metal in the acid environment of catalyst layer becomes a major concern due to the decreased catalytic activity during long-term operation. Although great efforts have been done, few attention is paid to the effect of transition metal ion contamination of Nafion ionomer that wrapped around catalyst particles within catalyst layer which might greatly influence the proton conduction. To elucidate such effect, ultrathin Nafion film on SiO2 model substrate is prepared via self-assembly method to represent the ionomer in fuel-cell catalyst layers, and the ultrathin film with specific thickness is further equilibrated in Co(NO3)2/HNO3 solutions with different Co2+ concentration to achieve different doping level. Conductivity measurements demonstrate that the non-precious metal contamination severely worsens proton conduction of Nafion ionomer, but it is always ignored before. In addition, when the occupation of H+ in Nafion ionomer is less than 50%, the activation energy shows a sharp increase, indicating a possible change in proton conduction mechanism. 相似文献
98.
针对微型离心泵泵叶塑件成型模具设计困难的问题,设计了一种改进型三板点浇口模以用于该泵叶塑件的成型。塑件的浇注成型应用3个点浇口来进行平衡注塑,以控制塑件成型变形。模腔布局为1模1腔。针对塑件叶槽区域脱模困难问题,设计了一种3层3次复合抽芯脱模用于难脱模叶槽部位特征的脱模,机构中,将叶槽部位特征的成型块分割成2层成型件后,机构的第一次抽芯动作由弹簧驱动上层滑块实施上层成型块的抽芯;机构的第二次抽芯由斜导柱驱动实施下层成型块的抽芯;最后,由弯销驱动基座滑块带动2个侧抽芯滑块向外抽芯,以让出塑件完全顶出脱模的运动空间。第二次抽芯、第三次抽芯的驱动动力分别由模架模板的第三次开模、第四次开模打开来进行驱动。塑件的最终脱模由油缸驱动顶针板及顶杆顶出而实现塑件的完全脱模。基于塑件、流道脱模及抽芯机构的动作需要,将典型三板点浇口模架改进为四板4次开模点浇口,从而能使塑件、流道废料及驱动滑块机构分次按序来实施抽芯脱模。模具脱模机构动作设置合理,机构结构设计巧妙,模具整体工作可靠,有较好的设计参考价值。 相似文献
99.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(57):32825-32833
In high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs), it is important that the structure of the electrode catalyst layer is formed uniformly. To achieve this, the binder must be well dispersed; however, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is commonly employed in the preparation of HT-PEMFCs, is difficult to disperse during electrode manufacture due to its high hydrophobicity. In this study, we fabricate electrodes containing a surfactant to improve the dispersion of the PTFE binder and to enhance reproducibility during electrode manufacture. The electrodes are commonly prepared via a bar coating method, which is known to exhibit poor dispersion due to the small amounts of solvent employed compared to the spraying method. We then compare the properties of the obtained electrodes prepared in the presence and absence of the surfactant through physical and electrochemical characterization. It is found that the electrode containing the surfactant is structurally superior, and its single cell performance is significantly higher (i.e., 0.65 V at 0.2 Am cm−2). The single cells are suitable for operation at 150 °C using H2/air at atmospheric pressure and a total platinum loading of 2.0 mg cm−2. 相似文献
100.
目的探究奥氏体化工艺对铝硅镀层氧化层厚度和微观组织的影响规律及其演变机理。方法以热浸镀Al-10%Si的22MnB5为研究对象,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、辉光放电光谱仪(GD-OES)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等仪器,观察镀层在奥氏体化过程中氧化层厚度的变化和微观组织的演变规律。结果当试样以15℃/s的速率升温到900℃后立即水淬,镀层氧化层最薄,当试样升温到900℃保温5 min后水淬,镀层氧化层出现了不同程度的开裂,镀层表面出现孔洞和脱落的现象,氧化层厚度明显增加。结论奥氏体化保温时间比奥氏体化升温速率对镀层氧化层厚度的影响更大,保温时间越长,氧渗入镀层的深度越深,氧化层越厚,奥氏体化时间的延长不利于镀层氧化层保持完整性,影响镀层对钢基体的保护功能。镀层及其氧化层的微观组织演变规律为:镀层中首先形成Al2Fe3Si3(τ1)和Fe2Al5相,随后Fe2Al5相生长并伴随FeAl2相形成,而后FeAl2+Fe2Al5相生长且有FeAl析出,随后FeAl相生长,氧化层出现孔洞,最后氧化层破裂,镀层表面孔洞增加,最终组织为FeAl2+Fe2Al5+FeAl。 相似文献